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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You've probably heard that different types of plants produce different flavors. Find out about four of the most widely used varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica which is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and tarter taste profile and are often used in blends of coffee for added depth.

Arabica

Arabica is the most sought-after coffee beans unroasted in the world and accounts for 75% of all global coffee bean production. Arabica beans are milder and have a sweeter flavor than Robusta. They are available in a variety profiles. The taste and aroma components of a coffee can vary significantly based on the growing conditions and the processing methods employed to make it.

The word 'luxury coffee beans' actually is derived from the Arabic word for berry, and coffee beans are fruit seeds which grow inside bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats were energized after eating the fruits. The cultivation of coffee grew quickly all over the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes, and are capable of thriving in cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is the reason Arabica coffee is thought to be the most delicious type of 500g coffee beans.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters concentrate on ethical sourcing of arabica beans. They focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique specialty coffees that are suitable for various brewing methods. Blending is a way to control the aroma, flavor and body as well as acidity of coffee. It is often utilized to create a consistent and balanced flavor that appeals to a broad market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most coveted kind of coffee bean around the world. They contain more caffeine per bean and are more protected against diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids which are antioxidants found naturally. However, these acids may cause oxidation during the process of brewing coffee and could result in unpleasant flavors.

The plant is more durable than the arabica, and can grow in less favorable conditions. It can withstand warmer temperatures and does well in direct sunlight. It grows faster and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, which makes it a more cost-effective crop to grow.

Although it may sound contradictory it's true that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended to create coffee blends. If you find names such as Uganda or Kenya on the coffee bags it's possible that there's also some robusta.

While some roasters use exclusively arabica beans, most do combine the two varieties to reduce costs and preserve the quality. In order to preserve the quality of the flavor, it's important to select a premium beans from a source you are confident in. The best way to achieve this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football shaped which distinguishes them from other types of coffee beans. They are characterized by a smell that is fruity, floral and smokey. They are paired with other types of coffee beans to give them a more rounded and more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo) and Southeast Asia. They can thrive in low altitudes and can withstand hot, humid climates. They also have a much better resistance to disease than Arabica and Robusta.

These characteristics make them ideal for growing at home. On the internet, you can purchase the seeds from various sources. However, it is ideal to purchase the beans from local producers to ensure the highest quality. The best conditions for growing Liberica coffee include fertile, deep volcano soils with moderately acidic, and enough annual rainfall.

Another type of coffee beans near me bean is Excelsa, which was once considered to be a separate species but was re-classified as a variant of Liberica. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that are cultivated on 20-30 foot coffee plants that are located at medium altitudes. Their unique flavor is tart and sour, which makes them a popular option for house blends. They have a lighter scent and a lower caffeine content that is less than Arabica or Robusta however they have a unique depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as widely used as Arabica and Robusta although they're fourth popular. In fact they were regarded as a separate coffee plant species until 2006 when they were changed to an alternative to Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the world's production of coffee. These coffee beans are shaped like teardrops and possess a dark, mysterious taste. They're typically used in blends to provide extra body and a full, tart, ripened fruit flavor.

Arabica beans are the most popular and are renowned for their the most delicious taste. They grow best at high altitudes, and they thrive in warm tropical climates. They can be a bit acidic. If properly brewed and roasted they may have notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is a close second only to Arabica and makes up about 40 percent of the world's coffee. Robusta beans are smaller and rounder, but have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They are also bitterer than the other two varieties and have an earthy, woody taste.

After learning about the four most popular varieties, it's now time to pick your favorite drink. If you prefer smooth and delicate flavors opt for an arabica or a blend of arabica beans and robusta beans.